At the day, in illumination conditions, the solar cell modules generate a certain electromotive force, and the solar cell array is formed through the series and parallel connection of the modules so that the voltage of the array can meet the requirements of the input voltage of the system. According to whether it relies on the public grid, it is divided into off-grid and grid-connected. The off-grid system operates independently and does not need to rely on the grid. The off-grid photovoltaic system is equipped with a battery with energy storage function, which can ensure the stability of the system power and can supply electricity to the load when the photovoltaic system does not generate power at night or when the power generation is insufficient on cloudy and rainy days.
Regardless of the form, the working principle is that photovoltaic modules convert light energy into direct current, which is transformed into alternating current under the action of the inverter, and finally realizes the function of electricity consumption and Internet access.